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Stephen URQUHART, Andrew WHYTE
《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第3期 页码 369-380 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018019
Limited research has been conducted on the internal tendering procedures (ITP) of construction contractors because of the commercially sensitive and confidential nature of the subject matter. This limitation explains the reluctance of contractors to undergo interviews. Existing research (outside bid/no-bid and margin decision factor identification and subsequent decision modeling development) only begins to provide insights into key tendering stages, particularly around risk assessments and corporate review processes. Early research suggested one to three review stages. However, when considering the whole work procurement process from prospect identification to contract execution, five to seven series of reviews can be arguably applied by some contractors, wherein some reviews stepped through several layers of internal senior management. Tendering processes were presented as flowchart models that traditionally follow “hard” system (rectangular shapes and straight line arrows) steps, which suggest that a precise process also leads to precise results. However, given that contractors do not win every tender they submit, the process is less precise than that suggested in rigidly structured flowcharts. Twenty-five detailed semi-structured interviews were held with purposely selected high-profile publicly and privately owned construction companies in Australia with significantly varied turnovers. Analyses show that contractors are concerned about the negative effects of increasing corporate governance demands, with many stating that people involved are the most critical element to tendering success. A new way of presenting the ITP of contractors is assessed using a soft systems methodology (SSM) approach. SSM offers an alternative way of considering human interaction challenges within the ITP of contractors, which needs to be tested with the industry. The format graphics of SSM guidelines are presented as a way of offering contractors a different approach, which may assist individuals who are looking to re-structure their tendering activities in a more humanistic and less rigid procedural approach.
关键词： contractor corporate governance humanistic risk soft systems methodology tendering procedures
Comparison of analytical procedures for measuring phosphorus content of animal manures in China
null
《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第4期 页码 431-440 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019279
The concentration and components of manure phosphorus (P) are key factors determining potential P bioavailability and runoff. The distribution of P forms in swine, poultry and cattle manures collected from intensive and extensive production systems in several areas of China was investigated with sequential fractionation and a simplified two-step (NaHCO -NaOH/EDTA) procedures. The mean total P concentration, determined by the sequential fractionation procedure of intensive swine, poultry and cattle manure, expressed as g·kg , was 14.9, 13.4 and 5.8 g·kg , respectively, and 4.4 g·kg in extensive cattle manure. In intensive swine, poultry and cattle manure about 73%, 74% and 79% of total P, respectively, was bioavailable (i.e., P extracted by H O and NaHCO ) and 78% in extensive cattle manure. The results indicated the relative environmental risk, from high to low, of swine, poultry and cattle manure. There is considerable regional variation in animal manure P across China, which needs to be considered when developing manure management strategies.
关键词： diet phosphorus manure phosphorus sequential P fractionation
Yuyang Chen, Shu’an Zhang, Zhonghao Wu, Bo Yang, Qingquan Luo, Kai Xu
《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期 页码 382-403 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0781-x
一种观点挖掘新词语权重过程性能分析 Article
G. R. BRINDHA,P. SWAMINATHAN,B. SANTHI
《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第17卷 第11期 页码 1186-1198 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500283
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Rethinking the tendering frameworks of construction contractors in the context of a soft systems methodology
Stephen URQUHART, Andrew WHYTE
期刊论文
Comparison of analytical procedures for measuring phosphorus content of animal manures in China
null
期刊论文
Review of surgical robotic systems for keyhole and endoscopic procedures: state of the art and perspectives
Yuyang Chen, Shu’an Zhang, Zhonghao Wu, Bo Yang, Qingquan Luo, Kai Xu
期刊论文
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